BothwellSpinin

Theme by Anders Norén

Tag: synthetic

September 26, 2020

Machining Quality Material

The high production in the spinning process to save time leads to the reduction in yarn quality. The technological changes that have occurred today are remarkable. Modern machines reach the production rate of 60 – 100 kilograms/hour which is remarkable when compared to only 5 – 10 kilograms/hour which was possible until 1970. Great advantages have brought us new machinery, as they reduce production time and less physical effort.

Today spinning equipment is fed by rolls directly, the operator, according to the type of machines will be in charge of a section and that section will be constituted from four to eight teams. The fundamental operations applied by the card are stretching and continuous cleaning for the case of natural fibers.

The cotton card differs from the bar in that the latter is larger because of the physical characteristics of the wool, another type of card is the one used for the production of non-wovens that serves to manufacture disposable cleaning materials, mouth covers, layers of diapers etc.

In the conventional spinning processes there is the tendency to omit the flap due to the accommodation or adaptation of continuous production processes, by direct feeding mainly in medium to higher quality fibers, groups of feeders, loaders are used and mixers coupled and in sequence with the card. Although the flap is also still applied in lower quality fibers, for thick articles, for cleaning materials and in opening of short, artificial and synthetic fibers.

June 26, 2020

Classifying Fibers

The spinning is based on mechanical procedures and unlimited length with unlimited raw materials.

These materials or elements can be divided into 3 classes:

  1. Short filaments (short fiber) such as cotton, wool etc.
  2. Intermediate length filaments such as hemp, jute and wool.
  3. Filaments of determined length such as silk.

In the process we will first work with machines called flap, card, which is reduced to cleaning the fiber. The following machines of the process to regularize the base of the fiber for further processing..

When talking about yarn or yarns, or even of simple fibers twisted with each other, we talk about the base material (this is important no matter what the desired output is) and since ancient times, it has been marketed based on its quality, with a measure of length, thickness and weight.

Cotton yarns, wool, silk, etc., even if they are apparently cylindrical there is more variation, and still lack a lot of what we have come to expect in modern life, uniformity, since it does not have a regular diameter, therefore its thickness cannot be determined as a wire, etc.

Where it turns out that it can only be based on length and weight.

The classification of the fibers are in two groups:

  1. Constant Weight System
  2. Constant Length System

When it is necessary to refer to the thickness of a yarn or thread it is clear that it is difficult measuring it due to the small size and by the irregularity due to the twisting and tension of the yarn especially in the natural fibers.

An indirect system of expressing thickness was then used and the concept of numbering and title arose.

In spinning systems there are several forms of holder or numbering of yarns whether the source material is cotton, wool or synthetic.

There are several methods for numbering threads. The coexistence of all of them is due to the inertia of the custom, since with some only of them would be sufficient.

Numbers that describe the characteristics of a thread are called the title, and must be preceded by the technique that was used.

Numbering systems are classified into two groups well differentiated by their opposing approaches: Direct Systems and Reverse Systems.

April 26, 2020

The Many Fibers of Spinin

The most enjoyable aspect of spinning is that you get to work with many different types of fiber. Each one brings with it its own properties that make it challenging to work with. Each one has its own unique character when it is completed.

Natural fibers, without exception, require several successive processes to obtain clean and uniform fiber, suitable for yarn. This short fiber, (a few centimeters), has a rough or twisted surface that facilitates its cohesion with similar fibers.

Natural fibers can be:

Of animal origin.

  • Wool
  • Silk
  • Mohair
  • Cashmere
  • Angora

Plant-based.

  • Cotton
  • Linen
  • Jute
  • Hemp

And artificial fibers.

Chemical fibers are obtained by extrusion: regenerated cellulose in the case of artificial fibers or synthetic polymers in the case of synthetic fibers. These fibers are long, i.e. they are already spun to be able to manufacture fabrics with them, but they can also be cut to spin them as if it were natural fiber.

The wool of the sheep is easily synthesized, as it is curled by nature, but can also spin the hair of other animals, such as yak, goat, angora rabbit, and alpaca, among others.

February 7, 2020

Know Your Yarn

Fiber yarn consists of transforming the (x) fiber into (y) yarn, this operation takes place when the different properties are utilized to obtain a desired result. This is done through addition of threads, when twisting several short fibers at once to bind them together and produce a continuous strand; when they are spun (twist) long filaments you get stronger threads, also called yarns.

The way the fibers are spun to produce yarn has a direct influence on the properties and appearance of the final product. The direction of spinning when producing yarn also influences the texture of the fabric.

Yarn with S torque or Z torque.

Natural fibers—except silk—are short; are processed to produce yarns with which fabrics will be manufactured. Nonwovens are produced directly from fiber. 'Chemical fibres', both artificial and synthetic, go through the yarn process during manufacture; this results in long, continuous filaments, which must be cut if they are to be mixed with natural fibers.

The yarn is done in several stages. The process of yarn manufacturing can be of two types: artisanal and industrial.